动词不定式的否定式和省略to的动词不定式
动词不定式的否定式
not放在不定式符号to的前面。
Tell him not to shut the window. 告诉他不要关窗户。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 
当我路过时，她装作没有看到我。
用作介词的to
to有两种用法：“不定式+动词原形”，“介词+名词/动名词”，下面的用法是“to+名词/动名词”：admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to习惯于，be used to习惯于，stick to坚持，turn to开始，着手于，devote oneself to献身于，be devoted to致力于，look forward to盼望，pay attention to注意
省略to的动词不定式
1) 情态动词 (除ought外，ought to)；
2) 使役动词 let, have, make；

3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find等后作宾补，省略to。

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八年级英语语法知识点归纳总结
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注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.
老板让他们通宵工作。
4) would rather, had better；
5) Why… / why not…；
6) help后既可带to，也可不带to，help sb. (to) do sth.；
7) but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
He wants to do nothing but go out. 除了外出，他什么也不想做。
8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去；
He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
他想移居到发过，跟那个女孩结婚。
9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be。
He is supposed (to be) nice. 他本应该挺不错的。

In the movie Cast Away, Tom Hanks plays a man __1__(name) Chuck Noland. Chuck is a businessman. When he is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean, his plane crashes. He __2__(final) lands on a deserted island where he has to learn to survive all alone. Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how __3__(survive) without friends. In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with __4__ unusual friend—a volleyball called Wilson.
During his five years on the island, Chuck learns how to be a good friend to Wilson. Even though Wilson is just a volleyball, he is fond of __5__(play) with him. He talks to him and treats him as a friend. Chuck learns that he needs friends to share __6__(happy) and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone __7__(care) about. He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends. Most of our friends are human beings, but we also make friends with animals and even things.__8__ example, many of us have pets, and we all have favorite objects such as a lucky pen __9__ a diary. The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have __10__(usual) friends is that friends are teachers.

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